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From uncertainty to vitality: The future of nuclear energy in Illinois
Nuclear is enjoying a bit of a resurgence. The momentum for reliable energy to support economic development around the country—specifically data centers and AI—remains strong, and strongly in favor of nuclear. And as feature coverage on the states in the January 2026 issue of Nuclear News made abundantly clear, many states now see nuclear as necessary to support rising electricity demand while maintaining a reliable grid and reaching decarbonization goals.
P. Zhang (State Nuclear Power Technology R&D Center), H. J. Chang (State Nuclear Power Technology R&D Center/Tsinghua Univ),
Proceedings | Advances in Thermal Hydraulics 2018 | Orlando, FL, November 11-15, 2018 | Pages 1142-1154
Liquid entrainment at the tee junction of hot leg to ADS-4 branch (fourth-stage Automatic Depressurization System) is a high priority safety related phenomenon in Westinghouse Advanced Passive pressurized water reactor (AP1000) and Chinese Advanced Passive pressurized water reactor (CAP1400). Previous studies are mainly carried out on reduced scale experimental test facilities. To offer a better understanding of the liquid entrainment phenomenon at tee junction and evaluate the applicability of entrainment models, a full scale test facility is designed and fabricated. The maximum air and water flowrates are 12kg/s and 150kg/s respectively. 16 onset of liquid entrainment tests and 80 entrainment rate tests are carried out on this test facility. Test data is compared with previous entrainment models. Significant differences are founded. This means the applicability of liquid entrainment models in safety analysis code is questionable. Based on the flow regime transition criterion in horizontal pipe, a new onset of liquid entrainment model is proposed. The agreement of the new model to test data is better than previous models.