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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Yue Jin, Faith R. Beek, Fan-Bill Cheung (Penn State), Stephen M. Bajorek, Kirk Tien, Chris L. Hoxie (NRC)
Proceedings | Advances in Thermal Hydraulics 2018 | Orlando, FL, November 11-15, 2018 | Pages 98-108
In the current study, a new mass quality correlation was developed for the dispersed flow film boiling (DFFB) regime in a rod bundle geometry during bottom reflood. The new correlation was based on the fundamental conservation equations such that the physics during the reflood process can be adequately captured. It is found that the actual mass quality as well as the vapor drift velocity in the DFFB regime are functions of the void fraction, interfacial heat transfer, vapor superheat, droplet size, quench front location and the fluid properties. The Rod Bundle Heat Transfer (RBHT) reflood tests were used to verify the validity of the new correlation and to determine the coefficients. It was found that the current model is able to predict the two-phase mass quality well within 10% error when compared to experimental data.
