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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Ming Zeng, Beibei Shao, Lei Hou, Guanghua Gong, Jianmin Li, Yuxiong Li
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 3 | December 2009 | Pages 676-679
Accelerators | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (PART 3) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9288
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A beam loss monitoring (BLM) system for a linear accelerator (LINAC) and booster has been designed and implemented at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, which is under construction. It is a distributed system, constructed with 54 detectors, 11 data collectors, and a console personal computer. Several experiments were made at the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory to verify the performance of this system, and one comparison experiment with thermoluminescent dosimeters for dose rate measurement was also done. From preliminary experiments and commissioning, this BLM system is proving to be functional and a useful tool to study the machine status. Moreover, it is hoped that this can be developed into a new method to measure the radiation dose distribution around the LINAC and booster directly, which would help the shielding calculation for future facilities, although more quantitative experiments are needed.