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Robotics & Remote Systems
The Mission of the Robotics and Remote Systems Division is to promote the development and application of immersive simulation, robotics, and remote systems for hazardous environments for the purpose of reducing hazardous exposure to individuals, reducing environmental hazards and reducing the cost of performing work.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Hesham Khater, Sandra Brereton, Mike Singh
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 2 | November 2009 | Pages 381-386
Shielding | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (Part 2) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9213
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Prompt doses from X-rays generated as result of laser beam interaction with target material are calculated at different locations inside the National Ignition Facility. The maximum dose outside a target chamber diagnostic port is [approximately]10 mSv for a shot utilizing the 192 laser beams and 1.8 MJ of laser energy. The dose during a single bundle shot (eight laser beams) drops to [approximately]0.4 mSv. Doses calculated outside the target bay (TB) doors and inside the switchyards (SYs) [except for the 5.33-m (17-ft 6-in.) floor level] range from a few microsieverts to [approximately]110 Sv for 192 beams and scale down proportionally with a smaller number of beams. At the 5.33-m (17-ft 6-in.) floor level, two diagnostic ports are directly facing two of the TB doors, and the maximum doses outside the doors are 0.5 and 0.16 mSv, respectively. Shielding each of the two TB doors with 6.35-mm-thick Pb (¼-in.) reduces the dose by a factor of 50. One or two bundle shots (8 to 16 laser beams) present a small hazard to personnel in the SYs.