ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Fuel Cycle & Waste Management
Devoted to all aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle including waste management, worldwide. Division specific areas of interest and involvement include uranium conversion and enrichment; fuel fabrication, management (in-core and ex-core) and recycle; transportation; safeguards; high-level, low-level and mixed waste management and disposal; public policy and program management; decontamination and decommissioning environmental restoration; and excess weapons materials disposition.
Meeting Spotlight
ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Apr 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
May 2025
Nuclear Technology
April 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Chul Hee Min, Jang Guen Park, Chan Hyeong Kim
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 1 | October 2009 | Pages 89-92
Detectors | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (Part 1) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9105
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A scanning-type prompt gamma measurement system, called prompt gamma scanner (PGS), was constructed and used to determine the relationship between the proton dose distribution and the longitudinal profile of the prompt gammas generated by the nuclear interaction from the proton beam passage in a medium. However, the PGS system entails insuperable difficulties when used in clinical proton therapy owing to its scanning process. In order to measure the prompt gamma distribution without the scanning process, it was proposed to develop an array-type prompt gamma measurement system that can measure the prompt gammas with a linear array of radiation detectors through multiple collimation slits. Prior to constructing a full-scale measurement system with many detectors and multiple data acquisition channels, a simplified prototype measurement system, using only one detector moving from one measurement location to the next, was constructed in the present study and applied to a 39-MeV proton beam. The results are very encouraging, as the prototype measurement system predicted the distal dose edge very accurately within a few millimeters of error despite the fact that the level of background gammas increased as a result of reduced collimator shielding.