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Human Factors, Instrumentation & Controls
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Shaoxuan Wang, Zhixian Lin, Ming Sun, Yuantao Yao, Jie Wu, Daochuan Ge
Nuclear Technology | Volume 209 | Number 8 | August 2023 | Pages 1129-1144
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2023.2195357
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In complex nuclear energy redundancy systems, there are many failure events that do not follow specific time distribution. For these atypical time-distribution events, traditional dynamic fault tree (DFT) methods cannot be applied directly, which has posed great challenges to reliability modeling and evaluating. In this contribution, we summarize atypical time-distribution events in nuclear energy redundancy systems and propose new modeling and evaluating methods based on DFT. To demonstrate the reasonability of the proposed methods, two case studies about make-up water pumps and emergency diesel generators are analyzed in comparison with traditional DFT. The results indicate that the proposed methods can effectively model and analyze the reliability of redundant systems with atypical time-distribution events. The proposed methods can provide useful information for optimization design of nuclear energy redundancy systems and has potential to improve the economy of nuclear power plants by relaxing overestimated unreliability.