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Radiation Protection & Shielding
The Radiation Protection and Shielding Division is developing and promoting radiation protection and shielding aspects of nuclear science and technology — including interaction of nuclear radiation with materials and biological systems, instruments and techniques for the measurement of nuclear radiation fields, and radiation shield design and evaluation.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
George M. Jacobsen, Hangbok Choi, James A. Turso, Amanda M. Johnsen, Andrew J. Bascom, Xialu Wei, Eugene A. Olevsky
Nuclear Technology | Volume 208 | Number 1 | January 2022 | Pages 27-36
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2021.1877504
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Zirconium silicide (Zr3Si2) is a heavy reflector material particularly effective for application to a Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) such as the General Atomics Energy Multiplier Module (EM2) and Fast Modular Reactor (FMR). In this work, the manufacturability of a high-density Zr3Si2 compound, in the Zr3Si2 phase, was investigated using hot-pressing and spark-plasma-sintering methods. The microstructure, composition, and thermal properties of the resulting hot-pressed material were measured, resulting in a 96% relative density and a 96% phase pure material. The thermal properties were consistent with those necessary for use under GFR operating conditions. The structural and dimensional stability of the material was also measured before and after neutron irradiation up to 1017 n/cm2 in the research reactor, resulting in an average linear dimensional change of <0.12%. The preliminary irradiation tests also confirmed the micromechanical stability of the Zr3Si2 phase, with no evidence of microcracking after irradiation. The results of the irradiation tests verify the fabrication method of Zr3Si2 for nuclear applications, but further irradiation tests under high-temperature and high-irradiation conditions will be required to qualify the material for GFR applications.