ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
Latest Magazine Issues
Mar 2026
Jan 2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
April 2026
Nuclear Technology
February 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
General Matter to supply enriched uranium to Japan and South Korea
American enrichment start-up General Matter is to export nuclear fuel to Japan and South Korea, backed by up to $4.2 billion in potential debt financing from the Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM).
Anthony Michael Scopatz
Nuclear Technology | Volume 195 | Number 3 | September 2016 | Pages 273-287
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NT15-153
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper presents a new fuel cycle benchmarking analysis methodology by coupling Gaussian process (GP) regression, a popular technique in machine learning, to dynamic time warping, a mechanism widely used in speech recognition. Together, they generate figures of merit (FOMs) for a suite of fuel cycle realizations. The FOMs may be computed for any time series metric that is of interest to a benchmark. For a given metric, these FOMs have the advantage that they reduce the dimensionality to a scalar and are thus directly comparable. The FOMs account for uncertainty in the metric itself, utilize information across the whole time domain, and do not require that the simulators use a common time grid. Here, a distance measure is defined that can be used to compare the performance of each simulator for a given metric. Additionally, a contribution measure is derived from the distance measure that can be used to rank order the impact of different partitions of a fuel cycle metric. Lastly, this paper warns against using standard signal-processing techniques for error reduction, as error reduction is better handled by the GP regression itself.