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Division Spotlight
Thermal Hydraulics
The division provides a forum for focused technical dialogue on thermal hydraulic technology in the nuclear industry. Specifically, this will include heat transfer and fluid mechanics involved in the utilization of nuclear energy. It is intended to attract the highest quality of theoretical and experimental work to ANS, including research on basic phenomena and application to nuclear system design.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Alex Galperin, Gilad Raizes
Nuclear Technology | Volume 117 | Number 2 | February 1997 | Pages 125-132
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT97-A35319
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The possibility exists of utilizing pressurized water reactor (PWR) power plants of current technology for efficient and cost-competitive incineration of excess plutonium. Several plutonium-based fuel cycle options were considered, i.e., pure 239Pu or reactor-grade plutonium as a fissile component and natural uranium or thorium as a fertile component of the fuel. A typical PWR was chosen as the base for detailed analysis and comparison of all investigated fuel cycle options. A series of calculations was carried out for each of the fuel cycle options generating “equilibrium” cycles of equal length. Results of the design analysis and comparison of main performance parameters were used to compare different fuel options. Material mass balances were calculated to evaluate the plutonium incineration potential of the considered options. A potential of efficient reduction of excess plutonium was demonstrated for all considered fuel options. The thorium-based fuel cycles were found especially effective for destruction of fissile isotopes of plutonium (>1000 kg/yr). This was partially compensated by the buildup of 233U isotope. One of the important conclusions of this work is that significant amounts of fissile plutonium may be incinerated in thorium-based cycles and that 233U may be denatured by addition of modest amounts of natural uranium. Preliminary economic evaluations indicate that plutonium incineration may be carried out in existing PWRs without economic penalty and may, therefore, present a viable alternative to other plutonium disposition methods.