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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Tsuyoshi Misawa, Seiji Shiroya, Keiji Kanda
Nuclear Technology | Volume 116 | Number 1 | October 1996 | Pages 9-18
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT96-A35308
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experiments on the reactivity worth of beryllium metal were performed using the Kyoto University Critical Assembly, and they were analyzed to examine the validity of the computational method to treat (n,2n) reactions in calculations. The experimental results demonstrated that beryllium metal has positive reactivity worth compared with graphite. In the analysis, (n,2n) reactions were treated as modifying scattering cross sections in a transport calculation, whereas both scattering and absorption cross sections should be modified in a diffusion calculation. The results of calculations for the reactivity worth of beryllium agreed with experimental data within a few percent in the calculated-to-experimental ratio. Calculated results indicated that (n,2n) reactions of beryllium contribute by ∼85% to the positive reactivity worth compared with graphite in these experiments at a thermal reactor. Moreover, through the improved neutron and gamma-ray coupled calculation, the effect of (γ,n) reactions of beryllium on reactivity was estimated. It was found that (γ,n) reactions of beryllium can be negligible so far as this reactivity worth is concerned.