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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
V. S. Iyer, S. K. Mukerjee, R. V. Kamat, K. T. Pillai, N. Kumar, V. N. Vaidya, D. D. Sood
Nuclear Technology | Volume 91 | Number 3 | September 1990 | Pages 388-393
Technical Paper | Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT90-A34459
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Oxidation studies have been carried out on 11.5 to 12.0 g/cm3 density uranium monocarbide microspheres and on mixed 11.96 to 12.04 g/cm3 density uranium-plutonium carbide pellets under various oxygen partial pressures in the 550 to 745 K temperature range. Oxidation of UC and (U,Pu)C produced a U3O8 [oxygen-to-metal ratio (O/M) = 2.66] and (U,Pu)O2 (O/M = 2.15), respectively, with a carbon content of <600 ppm. The surface area of the resultant oxides as determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method are 1 to 2 and 4 to 5 m2/g, respectively. The oxidized products were suitable for wet and dry recycle.