ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Deep Space: The new frontier of radiation controls
In commercial nuclear power, there has always been a deliberate tension between the regulator and the utility owner. The regulator fundamentally exists to protect the worker, and the utility, to make a profit. It is a win-win balance.
From the U.S. nuclear industry has emerged a brilliantly successful occupational nuclear safety record—largely the result of an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) process that has driven exposure rates down to what only a decade ago would have been considered unthinkable. In the U.S. nuclear industry, the system has accomplished an excellent, nearly seamless process that succeeds to the benefit of both employee and utility owner.
Kazuhiko Akamine, K. J. Hofstetter, V. F. Baston
Nuclear Technology | Volume 84 | Number 2 | February 1989 | Pages 152-168
Technical Paper | Nuclear Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT89-A34184
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
On commencing defueling operations in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) reactor vessel damaged core region, the defueling water cleanup system (DWCS) encountered rapid plugging of its filter media. Characterization of the suspended material was an important task in resolving DWCS filtration difficulties. The characterization of the suspended material involved laboratory analyses of reactor vessel coolant samples collected from May through November 1986. The results of these characterizations indicated that the major elements present in the suspended particles were silver, aluminum, cadmium, iron, indium, silicon, uranium, and zirconium, all of which correspond to the five known source terms in the TMI-2 reactor vessel (control rod alloy, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, steel, fuel, and Zircaloy cladding). The particle analysis data indicate that the majority of particles were <5 µm and many of these suspended particles existed as colloidal particles; hence, these particulates are believed to have been the principal basis for filter plugging. In addition, based on these characterization data and data from previous analyses of reactor components, it was postulated that some mass fraction of the liquefied control rod alloy formed aerosols from mechanical formation due to high-velocity gas interaction with the moving liquid alloy.