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2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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Industry Update—October 2025
Here is a recap of recent industry happenings:
New international partnership to speed Xe-100 SMR deployment
X-energy, Amazon, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, and Doosan Enerbility have formed a strategic partnership to accelerate the deployment of X-energy’s Xe-100 small modular reactors and TRISO fuel in the United States to meet the power demands from data centers and AI. The partners will collaborate in reactor engineering design, supply-chain development, construction planning, investment strategies, long-term operations, and global opportunities for joint AI-nuclear deployment. The companies also plan to jointly mobilize as much as $50 billion in public and private investment to support advanced nuclear energy in the U.S.
Hideo Hirayama
Nuclear Technology | Volume 77 | Number 1 | April 1987 | Pages 60-67
Technical Paper | Radioisotopes and Isotope Separation | doi.org/10.13182/NT87-A33952
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Exposure buildup factors for plane normal sources have been calculated with an electron gamma shower Monte Carlo code, EGS4, for water, concrete, iron, and lead in the 10 to 100 MeV range. Electron reactions like multiple scattering, collision, and continuous energy loss are taken into account together with bremsstrahlung. The buildup factors in this energy region are affected very much by the energy loss mechanism of electrons and positrons in the medium. The energy of electrons or positrons in lead is mainly converted to photons via the bremsstrahlung reaction; therefore, buildup factors increase rapidly with the increase of the photon energy. In the case of water, the energy of electrons or positrons is mainly spent in ionization or excitation. Buildup factors for water decrease gradually to 40 MeV and increase gradually above that energy. The buildup factors in each medium are calculated for eight-source energy from 10 to 100 MeV for penetration depths as great as 10 mfp.