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Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy
The mission of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy Division (NNPD) is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear technology while simultaneously preventing the diversion and misuse of nuclear material and technology through appropriate safeguards and security, and promotion of nuclear nonproliferation policies. To achieve this mission, the objectives of the NNPD are to: Promote policy that discourages the proliferation of nuclear technology and material to inappropriate entities. Provide information to ANS members, the technical community at large, opinion leaders, and decision makers to improve their understanding of nuclear nonproliferation issues. Become a recognized technical resource on nuclear nonproliferation, safeguards, and security issues. Serve as the integration and coordination body for nuclear nonproliferation activities for the ANS. Work cooperatively with other ANS divisions to achieve these objective nonproliferation policies.
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Tsunetaka Banba, Takashi Murakami, Hideo Kimura
Nuclear Technology | Volume 76 | Number 1 | January 1987 | Pages 84-90
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT87-A33899
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The one-dimensional diffusion model of leaching was developed on the basis of the Soxhlet-type leaching experiment of waste glass. Emphasis was placed on proposing a model for the growth of surface layers and for an immobilized reaction inside these layers. The equations derived from the modeling were solved numerically and the resulting equations were implemented in a computer code named LEACH. The computed and measured leach rates of sodium, cesium, calcium, and strontium were in good agreement under the Soxhlet-type leaching condition. The computed results revealed that the growth of surface layers, including the immobilized reaction, plays an important role in the leach rates of elements, because the diffusion coefficients of surface layers were much different from those of the bulk glass, and because for calcium and strontium the immobilized reactions affected their leach rates. Therefore, in order to predict the leach rates of waste glasses by using the proposed model, the time dependence of the growth of surface layers should be measured experimentally.