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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Mario Dalle Donne*, Giacinto P. Tartaglia†
Nuclear Technology | Volume 75 | Number 3 | December 1986 | Pages 298-325
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT86-A33843
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The multiphase coolant flow across the perforated immersion plate during a hypothetical core disruptive accident in a liquid-metal fast breeder reactor was simulated in a one-dimensional model. Extending from previous work with one-phase flow, water-air mixtures were used to test two-phase behavior. A large experimental matrix included systematic variation of the following parameters: geometry of the immersion plate (perforation ratio, number of the holes), height of the fluid head over the immersion plate, air volume fraction, size of the air bubbles, and acceleration of the fluid. The pressure drop across the immersion plate, the forces acting on the immersion plate and on the upper plate, acceleration and displacement of the piston, the air volume fraction, and the size of the air bubbles were measured in a wide range of Strouhal and acceleration numbers. The flow pattern downstream of the immersion plate was filmed with a high- speed camera. The following correlations were investigated: