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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Satoshi Suzuki, Kohyu Fukunishi, Shoichi Kishi, Yuichiro Yoshimoto, Kunikazu Kishimoto
Nuclear Technology | Volume 74 | Number 2 | August 1986 | Pages 132-138
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT86-A33798
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A multivariable autoregressive (MAR) method is applied to the core stability estimation of a boiling water feactor-5 operation. Noise data measured during steady-state operations at startup tests are used. In this method, the closed loop transfer function from reactor pressure to reactor power is identified from reactor noise data and transformed into an impulse response function. The decay ratio representing stability characteristics is evaluated from this function. The variation range of decay ratio estimates obtained by this method is sufficiently small, if the analyzing conditions are appropriately selected. The value of the decay ratio is 0.23 during natural circulation and decreases with core flow, reaching close to zero at the rated power. A similar power dependence for the decay ratio is seen in results from a core stability analysis code. The MAR method is a useful tool for stability estimation, even if no external disturbance tests are conducted.