ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Accelerator Applications
The division was organized to promote the advancement of knowledge of the use of particle accelerator technologies for nuclear and other applications. It focuses on production of neutrons and other particles, utilization of these particles for scientific or industrial purposes, such as the production or destruction of radionuclides significant to energy, medicine, defense or other endeavors, as well as imaging and diagnostics.
Meeting Spotlight
ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Apr 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
May 2025
Nuclear Technology
April 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Takaharu Fukuzaki, Takashi Kiguchi
Nuclear Technology | Volume 72 | Number 3 | March 1986 | Pages 291-300
Technical Paper | Radiation Protection and Health Physics Practices and Experience in Operating Reactors Internationally / Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT86-A33767
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Effective use of the measured readings of sensors in on-line plant monitoring has been studied, based on an error theory. Both the measured reading and the calculated one, obtained by an analytical model of the plant, are treated as observed values, and the maximum-likelihood estimator is determined so as to minimize its mean-squared error. The difference between the estimator and the calculated reading is used to adapt the model to the current plant state and to increase accuracy of the calculated reading. The index of systematicness, which indicates the mutual independence of the two observed values, has been evaluated to determine the step in the procedure where the above adaptation is to be inserted. The error-theory-based model adaptation procedure has been experimentally applied to boiling water reactor power distribution calculations, and its performance has been verified in simulation calculations at different core states and different numbers of in-core neutron monitors by evaluating the expected error of the calculated readings. Compared to the adaptation, which uses the measured readings instead of the estimator, the error is typically lowered by more than 2% and is less affected by the number of monitors.