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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
James M. Wu, Chun-Fa Chuang
Nuclear Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | October 1983 | Pages 40-49
Technical Paper | Nuclear Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33301
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Three-dimensional natural convection of the compacted spent fuel rod in a pool was studied. A numerical technique was developed based on the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy of a typical flow element in the channel. The coolant flow is laminar and single phase. The decay heat generation from the spent fuel rod was assumed to be a chopped sine curve. Different configurations of the fuel rods were considered. Calculation was done by varying the inlet coolant temperature, decay heat generation, radius of the spent fuel rod, and distance between spent fuel rods. A simple correlation for the Nusselt number, hydraulic diameter, Prandtl number, and Grashof number was obtained.