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September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Sridhar Komarneni, Rustum Roy, Della M. Roy
Nuclear Technology | Volume 62 | Number 1 | July 1983 | Pages 71-74
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33233
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The SrMoO4 compound, a host for strontium in tailored nuclear waste ceramics, is highly stable in deionized water, NaCl, KCl, and the acidic MgCl2under hydrothermal conditions of 100, 200 and 300°C as indicated by the fact that <0.5% strontium was released under these conditions. In Na2SO4solution, SrMoO4 is somewhat reactive, as indicated by the release of ≈2 and 6% of the original strontium and molybdenum inventories, respectively, into solution at 200 and 300°C. More molybdenum than strontium was detected in solution because of the crystallization of celestite, SrSO4. Thus, anions such as SO4 influence the reactivity of SrMoO4. The SrMoO4 phase was found to be least stable in CaCl2 solution as indicated by the release of 93.5, 96.1, and100% of the strontium from the initial SrMoO4at 100, 200, and 300°C, respectively. However, only 0.02% of the original inventory of molybdenum in SrMoO4 was detected in solution. The removal of molybdenum from solutions was due to the formation of CaMoO4 powellite as revealed by x-ray diffraction. Thus, CaMoO4 is more stable than SrMoO4under these hydrothermal conditions. These results show that SrMoO4 is stable in Na+, K+, and Mg2+ solutions but not in Ca2+-containing solutions