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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Fumio Kawamura, Kenji Motojima
Nuclear Technology | Volume 58 | Number 2 | August 1982 | Pages 242-247
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT82-A32935
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experiments were performed to obtain basic data on cesium ion removal characteristics of metal hexacyanoferrate (II) impregnated zeolite. The cesium ion was present in liquid wastes also containing sodium salts. The effects of impregnated ion that forms hexacyanoferrate, the amount of ion, sodium sulfate concentration, pH, and co-existing ions were studied. The results of column experiments showed the removal efficiency of copper hexacyanoferrate (II) impregnated zeolite was sufficiently satisfactory for use in an ion exchange column. Excellent performance was obtained for sodium sulfate concentrations of 0 to 15 wt% and a pH of 1.5 to 10.
