ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Deep Space: The new frontier of radiation controls
In commercial nuclear power, there has always been a deliberate tension between the regulator and the utility owner. The regulator fundamentally exists to protect the worker, and the utility, to make a profit. It is a win-win balance.
From the U.S. nuclear industry has emerged a brilliantly successful occupational nuclear safety record—largely the result of an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) process that has driven exposure rates down to what only a decade ago would have been considered unthinkable. In the U.S. nuclear industry, the system has accomplished an excellent, nearly seamless process that succeeds to the benefit of both employee and utility owner.
Chung-Yi Wang
Nuclear Technology | Volume 51 | Number 3 | December 1980 | Pages 332-348
Technical Paper | Mechanics Applications to Fast Breeder Reactor Safety / Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT80-A32571
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An implicit finite difference method has been developed and incorporated into the ICECO code for analyzing hydrodynamics in the above-core region induced by the upper internal structure, and sodium spillage through penetrations and ruptured seals resulting from slug impact on the reactor cover. Eulerian description is employed so that flow through coolant passageways, large material distortions, two-dimensional sliding interfaces, flow around corners, and out-flow boundary conditions can be easily treated. In the analysis, the upper internals and the reactor cover are considered as perforated structures. A control-volume technique is utilized for deriving equations for the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The basic idea is to use actual fluid volume and actual flow areas in the mathematical formulation. Several modified Poisson equations are obtained, which govern the hydrodynamic pressures in the vicinity of the perforated structures. Sample problems are provided to illustrate the code capabilities in assessing the effect of the upper internal structure on the containment response and in estimating the amount of coolant ejected from the primary containment.