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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
J. H. Pitts, E. W. McCauley
Nuclear Technology | Volume 46 | Number 3 | December 1979 | Pages 433-441
Technical Paper | Nuclear Power Reactor Safety / Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT79-A32350
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The response of the pressure-suppression containment system of Mark I boiling water reactors to a large break, design basis loss-of-coolant accident was examined on a scale experimental facility. A logical interrelationship between measured forces, measured pressures, and the hydrodynamic phenomena (observed with high-speed cameras) is established. Peak downward forces on the wetwell occur at about the time of vent clearing. Peak upward forces occur shortly before bubble breakthrough. Quantitative values of forces and pressures from our scale experiment, at times up to and including the peak download, can be applied to full-scale plants using established scaling laws. Only qualitative relationships to full-scale plants are determined at later times, because substantial quantities of steam (not simulated in our scale experiment) would have entered the wetwell.