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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
Werner Katscher
Nuclear Technology | Volume 35 | Number 2 | September 1977 | Pages 557-563
Advanced and Improved Fuel and Application | Coated Particle Fuel / Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT77-A31916
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Direct cooling of coated particles by water is a possibility for significantly increasing the power density in the core of pressurized water reactors beyond that common at present. The problems of hydrodynamics, thermodynamics, and production technology involved have been examined and found to be tractable. By means of burnout experiments using induction heating, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to safely cool packed beds of small spheres directly by water, even at the low flow rates that must be specified to limit the pressure drop to values representative of present high-power-density cores. Electron beam drilling was shown to be an adequate method for producing the perforated support structure for the particle beds. Clarification of problems with respect to neutron physics, cost-effectiveness, or specific safety engineering will require further investigation.