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A year in orbit: ISS deployment tests radiation detectors for future space missions
The predawn darkness on a cool Florida night was shattered by the ignition of nine Merlin engines on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. The thrust of the engines shook the ground miles away. From a distance, the rocket appeared to slowly rise above the horizon. For the cargo onboard, the launch was anything but gentle, as the ignition of liquid oxygen generated more than 1.5 million pounds of force. After the rocket had been out of sight for several minutes, the booster dramatically returned to Earth with several sonic booms in a captivating show of engineering designed to make space travel less expensive and more sustainable.
C. M. Hollabaugh, L. A. Wahman, R. D. Reiswig, R. W. White, P. Wagner
Nuclear Technology | Volume 35 | Number 2 | September 1977 | Pages 527-535
Advanced and Improved Fuel and Application | Coated Particle Fuel / Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT77-A31913
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The experimentally determined quantitative effects of varying gas mixture composition on the properties of the zirconium carbide (ZrC) deposited on microspheres in a fluidized bed were a decrease in metallic appearance of the ZrC coat, with an increase in the ratio of the hydrocarbon gas to the ZrCl4 and co-deposition of carbon at high hydrocarbon gas concentrations. Increasing the H2 concentration inhibited these effects and permitted the ZrC to be deposited at higher hydrocarbon gas concentrations. Deposits of pure sub-stoichiometric ZrC coats were controllable over a limited concentration range. The ZrC was deposited in a fluidized bed of ThO2 particles at a maximum temperature of ∼1650 K, using gas mixtures of H2, argon, ZrCl4, and CH4 or C3H6. The ZrCl4 flow was controlled using a powder feeder.