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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
J. C. Whipple, C. N. Spalaris
Nuclear Technology | Volume 28 | Number 3 | March 1976 | Pages 305-314
Technical Paper | Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT76-A31513
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Three steam generation systems are employed in the Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant to produce electrical power for delivery to the Tennessee Valley Authority grid. Each steam generator system contains two parallel operating evaporators and one superheater. These vertical shell and tube heat exchangers are arranged in a “hockey stick” configuration and are identical in design except for inlet water orifice inserts added to the evaporators to ensure flow stability. Alloy 2¼ Cr—1 Mo was selected as the material of construction for the sodium-water boundary on the basis of its excellent resistance to water side stress corrosion and fabricability. Development programs are underway to confirm the ability of the steam generators to operate with departure from nucleate boiling, obtain necessary mechanical and physical properties for design, confirm corrosion and decarburization design allowances, and develop reliable fabrication and inservice inspection techniques.