ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
Jae-Hak Kim, Soon-Joon Hong, Goon-Cherl Park, Yong-Soo Kim
Nuclear Technology | Volume 132 | Number 2 | November 2000 | Pages 227-239
Technical Paper | Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT00-A3141
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A thermal-hydraulic analysis methodology is established for a pressurized thermal shock (PTS) analysis of the Kori Nuclear Unit-1 (KNU-1) power plant using RETRAN-3D. The effects of the important parameters on PTS are evaluated, such as the initial power level, break size, isolation of the depressurized steam generator (SG), and charging flow runback. As a result, the most dominant factors are revealed as the initial power level and break flow rate. Auxiliary feedwater (AFW) to the depressurized SG should be isolated by operator action as soon as possible to minimize break flow. To mitigate the risk of PTS by reducing both steam flow rate and operator response time of depressurized SG isolation, the installation of check valves to block the cross flow between two steam lines is recommended. An efficient grouping methodology is proposed using these results. Groups should be divided according to the break size, the initial power level, and the AFW isolation to a depressurized SG. Charging flow runback is revealed to have little effect on downcomer overcooling.