ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
D. W. Stevens
Nuclear Technology | Volume 10 | Number 3 | March 1971 | Pages 301-306
Technical Paper | Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT71-A30962
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An explicit solution for stresses and strains in pyrolytic-carbon coatings on spherical fuel particles is presented. The resulting model is a modification of the Prados-Scott model which accounts for stresses arising due to anisotropic, radiation-induced dimensional change and the buildup of internal fission gas pressure, and for stress relaxation due to radiation-induced creep. Finite displacements are shown to amplify the effects of anisotropic dimensional changes. The use of the explicit solution allows a reduction in computation time by several orders of magnitude. The reduction in computation time makes feasible the use of Monte Carlo analyses (which have previously been precluded by high computation costs) to establish the effects of random variations in coated-particle parameters.