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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Michitsugu Mori
Nuclear Technology | Volume 128 | Number 2 | November 1999 | Pages 205-215
Technical Paper | RETRAN | doi.org/10.13182/NT99-A3025
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The advanced boiling water reactor (ABWR) has ten reactor-internal pumps peripherally mounted on the bottom of a reactor vessel. Analytical simulation of reactor-internal pumps unique to the ABWR requires new modeling because of the difference in core flow characteristics between the reactor-internal pumps and the two external-recirculation pumps of the primary outer loops with the jet pumps in a current boiling water reactor. Efforts in this work focused on modeling and simulation of reactor-internal pumps and core flow of the ABWR, using the RETRAN-3D code, the computer program for transient thermal-hydraulic analysis of a complex fluid flow system, without multidimensional kinetics. Included are modeling of the core and reactor pressure vessel with ten reactor-internal pumps, and simulation of the events of reactor-internal-pumps trip during the startup-phase tests, which are unable to be done in the simulation of a current BWR. Sensitivity analyses on the recirculation flow control and the slip model were also performed. The predictions by the RETRAN-3D code successfully tracked the measured data of reactor-internal-pump trip during the startup-phase test. The present analytical simulations could demonstrate the validation of the RETRAN-3D code applicable to the ABWR with the pump model of reactor-internal pumps in the program.
