ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Radiation Protection & Shielding
The Radiation Protection and Shielding Division is developing and promoting radiation protection and shielding aspects of nuclear science and technology — including interaction of nuclear radiation with materials and biological systems, instruments and techniques for the measurement of nuclear radiation fields, and radiation shield design and evaluation.
Meeting Spotlight
ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Apr 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
May 2025
Nuclear Technology
April 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
V. Marinelli, A. Pellei, P. Vallero, C. Vitanza
Nuclear Technology | Volume 27 | Number 2 | October 1975 | Pages 207-215
Technical Paper | Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT75-A24287
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The (X, LB) correlation, which is currently used to predict the critical heat flux (CHF) onset in simple and complex geometries under a steady-state regime, is capable of a dynamic interpretation. The two-phase flow mean particles, climbing the channel at linear velocities corresponding to their mass velocity and local densities, reach the CHF conditions—i.e., zero thickness of the liquid film on the rod—when they have traveled a certain distance and have achieved a certain quality. According to this model, the CHF would be predicted in transient condition, when the boiling length and the mass velocities change with space and time, by applying the steady-state CHF (X, LB) correlation to the actual paths of the mean fluid particles. The calculations performed in comparison of the “Lagrangian point of view,” outlined above by means of the DOLCE computer code, with the local space-time approach of the “Eulerian point of view” indicate that the two methods give substantially equivalent results and predict satisfactorily the onset of the transient CHF for the Centro Informazioni Studi Esperienze annuli experimental data and General Electric Company 16-rod bundles data under typical boiling water reactor transients, including loss-of-coolant accident simulations.