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DOE launches UPRISE to boost nuclear capacity
The Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy has launched a new initiative to meet the government’s goal of increasing U.S. nuclear energy capacity by boosting the power output of existing nuclear reactors through uprates and restarts and by completing stalled reactor projects.
UPRISE, the Utility Power Reactor Incremental Scaling Effort, managed by Idaho National Laboratory, is to “deliver immediate results that will accelerate nuclear power growth and foster innovation to address the nation’s urgent energy needs,” DOE-NE said in its announcement.
K. Natesan, D. L. Smith
Nuclear Technology | Volume 22 | Number 1 | April 1974 | Pages 138-150
Technical Paper | Fusion Reactor Materials / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT74-A16283
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Thermodynamic calculations were made on the distribution of hydrogen and tritium between various refractory metals and liquid lithium as a function of temperature. The limiting tritium pressures that can be attained by cold trapping secondary liquid metals such as sodium, potassium, and sodium—78 wt% potassium (NaK) were also calculated. In the absence of tritium breeding, these pressures are 2.5 × 10−5, 2 × 10−7, and 1.2 × 10−10 Torr for sodium, potassium, and NaK, respectively, which correspond to tritium concentrations in lithium of 45, 4, and < 1 ppm, respectively, at 700°C. For a 1000-MW(th) thermonuclear reactor with a tritium breeding rate of 150 g/day, a tritium recovery system that incorporates (a) a separate lithium purification loop with niobium as the permeable membrane, (b) NaK as the secondary heat transport fluid, and (c) tungsten cladding on the IHX tubes will yield a tritium pressure of 10−9 Torr or less in the secondary system. This configuration will result in a tritium release rate ∼10−6 g/h to the steam system for a tungsten-clad steam generator operating at ∼600°C. The corresponding activity release rate is ∼300 Ci/yr.