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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
Tzing-Shenq Horng, Cheng-Chang Chieng
Nuclear Technology | Volume 79 | Number 1 | October 1987 | Pages 100-115
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT87-A16008
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A computer program is developed to simulate the fluid and thermal mixing of the Electric Power Research Institute/Creare one-fifth-scale tests. The mass-flow-weighted skew-upwind differencing scheme (SUDS), as well as the upwind differencing scheme, and the k-∈ two-equation model of turbulence in cylindrical coordinates are employed in the numerical simulation. The computational results are compared with experimental data of test numbers 42, 46, and 51 and COMMIX results. The numerical diffusion is significantly reduced by SUDS, and a satisfactory prediction is achieved.
