ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Deep Space: The new frontier of radiation controls
In commercial nuclear power, there has always been a deliberate tension between the regulator and the utility owner. The regulator fundamentally exists to protect the worker, and the utility, to make a profit. It is a win-win balance.
From the U.S. nuclear industry has emerged a brilliantly successful occupational nuclear safety record—largely the result of an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) process that has driven exposure rates down to what only a decade ago would have been considered unthinkable. In the U.S. nuclear industry, the system has accomplished an excellent, nearly seamless process that succeeds to the benefit of both employee and utility owner.
Zhonglu Wang, Stephen F. Kry, Rebecca M. Howell, Mohammad Salehpour
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 3 | December 2009 | Pages 610-614
Neutron Measurements | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (PART 3) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9277
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The neutron spectra and ambient dose equivalent were determined by unfolding measured Bonner sphere system data using different unfolding methods. These methods included a maximum entropy method (MAXED code), nonlinear least-squares method (GRAVEL code) with several different starting spectra, and a genetic algorithm method. These algorithms were used to unfold measured Bonner sphere data that had been collected using a LiI(Eu) detector and activation foils. The Bonner sphere system was exposed to neutrons from a known AmBe source and at the proton accelerator facility at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The total fluence rates and total ambient dose equivalents of the neutron field agree within 7.5%, regardless of unfolding algorithm or starting spectrum. In contrast, the fluence-weighted average energy varied dramatically, depending on the starting spectrum used in the unfolding process. These findings offer insight and guidance into the use of unfolding algorithms and starting spectra for neutron spectroscopy.