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ANS Student Conference 2025
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
HyeonTae Kim, Woosong Kim, Yonghee Kim
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 193 | Number 5 | May 2019 | Pages 441-452
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2018.1542867
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper suggests novel approaches to generate exact discontinuity factors (DFs) for transverse-integrated nodal analyses with a two-by-two node configuration in a homogenized fuel assembly (FA). We have shown that the conventional DF calculation scheme cannot generate exact DFs with the nodal expansion method (NEM) calculation when a FA is subdivided into two-by-two nodes due to the inherent discrepancy between the transport-based heterogeneous analysis and the diffusion-based NEM calculation. In order to overcome the difference, an iterative, two-node NEM sweeping method is proposed. In addition, three different formulations to define a single representative DF per assembly surface for the two-by-two NEM are suggested for convenient application for the existing nodal codes while maintaining enough accuracy. Numerical assessments with a colorset model and small modular reactor cores with 16 × by × 16 FAs show that the iterative two-node NEM sweep method successfully corrects the error caused by an inherent discrepancy between the transport and the diffusion method. Among the candidates of a single representative DF, the net current weighted average DFs are found to be the most adequate.