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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
R. Crasta, S. Ganesh, H. Naik, A. Goswami, S. V. Suryanarayana, S. C. Sharma, P. V. Bhagwat, B. S. Shivashankar, V. K. Mulik, P. M. Prajapati
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 178 | Number 1 | September 2014 | Pages 66-75
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE11-90
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The (n,γ) and (n,2n) capture cross sections of 238U have been measured at neutron energies of 8.04 ± 0.30 and 11.90 ± 0.35 MeV from the 7Li(p,n) reaction using an activation and off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The experimentally determined 238U(n,γ) and 238U(n,2n) reaction cross sections were compared with the evaluated data of ENDF/B-VII.0, JENDL-4.0, JEFF-3.1/A, and CENDL-3.1. The experimental values were found to be in agreement with the evaluated value based on ENDF/B-VII.0, JENDL-4.0, and JEFF-3.1/A but not with CENDL-3.1. The present measurement has been compared with literature data in a wide range of neutron energies. The 238U(n,γ)239U and 238U(n,2n)237U reaction cross sections were also calculated theoretically using the TALYS 1.4 computer code and compared with the experimental data.
