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Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy
The mission of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy Division (NNPD) is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear technology while simultaneously preventing the diversion and misuse of nuclear material and technology through appropriate safeguards and security, and promotion of nuclear nonproliferation policies. To achieve this mission, the objectives of the NNPD are to: Promote policy that discourages the proliferation of nuclear technology and material to inappropriate entities. Provide information to ANS members, the technical community at large, opinion leaders, and decision makers to improve their understanding of nuclear nonproliferation issues. Become a recognized technical resource on nuclear nonproliferation, safeguards, and security issues. Serve as the integration and coordination body for nuclear nonproliferation activities for the ANS. Work cooperatively with other ANS divisions to achieve these objective nonproliferation policies.
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
C. Dubi, I. Israelashvili, T. Ridnik
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 176 | Number 3 | March 2014 | Pages 350-359
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE13-2
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Neutron multiplicity counting (NMC) measurements are often affected by the detection system dead time. Still, dead time losses are often neglected in analytic NMC models, and most of the dead time corrections are done through empirical models, experimentally fitted to the measurement system. In the present paper, we introduce a new analytic model for calculating the effect of a system dead time on the outcome of NMC. The model is subjected to two assumptions (in addition to the standard model assumptions in multiplicity counting): The first is that the dead time can be described by a paralyzable model, and the second is that the dead time effect may occur only between neutrons arriving from the same source event. The second assumption is, in fact, a restriction on the source event rate in the system and, in certain cases, may eventually be translated into a restriction on the mass of the measured sample.