The radiative capture cross section of 238Pu has been measured from 18-eV to 200-keV neutron energy. A time-of-flight experiment with a 306-m flight path was carried out in conjunction with the underground nuclear explosion Persimmon. Fission-fragment detectors viewed a thin 238Pu target to measure the fission cross section, while modified Moxon-Rae detectors viewed a second, thicker 238Pu target to measure the gamma-ray emission. Subtraction of the fission gamma-ray contribution from the Moxon-Rae signal yielded the contribution due to radiative capture. Single-level area analysis of the measured fission and capture cross sections gave values for the neutron and fission widths of 49 resonances below 500 eV, under the assumption of a known, constant radiative capture width. The s-wave neutron strength function was determined to be (1.27 ± 0.25) × 10-4. The derived fission widths exhibit a distinct maximum near 300-eV neutron energy. At higher energies, the fission-to-capture ratio shows pronounced intermediate-structure peaks attributed to second-well effects in the fission barrier.