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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
H. Matsui, M. H. Bradbury, Hj. Matzke
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 66 | Number 3 | June 1978 | Pages 406-414
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE78-A27222
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The self-diffusion of 14C and 233U in four different uranium carbonitrides, UCxN1−x with x = 0.67, 0.26, 0.24, and 0.18, and the diffusion of 238Pu in two sets of (U,Pu)C0.8N0.2 were measured. Replacing carbon by nitrogen decreased self-diffusion rates in both metal and nonmetal lattices. The decrease was not linear with x; rather, a change in mechanism or bonding at around x ≈ 0.5 was indicated. The data are of importance for both fabrication and reactor operation of carbonitrides.