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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
R. D. Groninger, J. J. Kane
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 16 | Number 2 | June 1963 | Pages 218-226
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE63-A26503
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Three parallel plate assemblies were tested to investigate the flow induced deflections of the individual plates. Special strain gages imbedded in the edges of the plates were used to measure plate deflections at flow rates up to 190% of the theoretical collapse velocity. The results indicate that the flow induced deflection phenomenon is essentially a magnification of built-in channel spacing perturbations. The deflections assume a sine wave shape along the long axis of the channel, with the greatest deflections occurring at the inlet to the channels. Adjacent plates always move in opposite directions at high flow rates, alternately opening and closing coolant channels. Above the critical velocity, deflections were observed which were sufficient to cause adjacent plates to touch. At about 1.9 times the theoretical collapse velocity, a high frequency flutter of the instrumented plates was observed. Use of an inlet support comb eliminated this flutter.