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Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
Marvin Tetenbaum, Larry Mishler, Glenn Schnizlein
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 14 | Number 3 | November 1962 | Pages 230-238
doi.org/10.13182/NSE62-A26211
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Because ignition temperature is not an intrinsic property of a substance, the investigation reported in this paper was undertaken to measure the ignition behavior of uranium powder under well-defined boundary conditions such that quantitative predictions are possible. The ignition behavior of uranium powder has been found to be dependent on specific area of powder fraction, rate of heating, and geometry of sample. For a given mesh size powder and heating rate, constant limiting ignition temperature values are obtained practically independent of container size, when the powder bed exceeds a critical height. Critical height values are found to increase with particle size of powder; for a given particle size powder, critical height values decrease with heating rate. On the basis of the Frank-Kamenetskii theory of thermal explosions, when used in a restricted manner, limiting ignition temperature values for uranium powder can be estimated using critical height values as the significant geometrical dimension of the container. These calculated ignition temperatures are in reasonable agreement with those obtained with our experimental apparatus. The ignition behavior of uranium powder can be adequately described by converting isothermal expressions to a rising temperature basis according to the treatment of Murray, Buddery, and Taylor.