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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
E. E. Anderson, G. L. Wessman, L. R. Zumwalt
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 12 | Number 1 | January 1962 | Pages 106-110
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE62-A25377
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
High-temperature, gas-cooled, graphite-moderated reactors of the type represented by the HTGR feature a continuous removal of volatile fission products by, and their subsequent trapping from, a helium purge stream. Cesium is a volatile fission product of considerable interest; therefore, an investigation of the specific sorption (gm Cs /gm C) of activated charcoal as a function of temperature and pressure was undertaken. The experimental approach was to use Cs137-tagged metal of known specific activity whereby the amount of cesium sorbed on charcoal could be determined in situ by a calibrated gamma-ray spectrometer system. Cesium adsorption on activated charcoal was found to follow the Freundlich adsorption equation. Isosteric heats of adsorption are given as functions of specific adsorption. The free energy of adsorption was found to be a linear function of the specific adsorption only, thus leading to a method of determining the adsorption isobars and isotherms from a minimum of data.
