ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Roberto Orsi
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 150 | Number 3 | July 2005 | Pages 368-373
Computer Code Abstract | doi.org/10.13182/NSE05-A2524
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
BOT3P consists of a set of standard FORTRAN-77 language programs developed at the ENEA-Bologna Nuclear Data Centre. BOT3P Version 1.0 was originally conceived to give the users of the DORT and TORT deterministic transport codes some useful diagnostic tools to prepare and check their input data files. BOT3P Version 3.0 introduced some important additions in the input geometrical model description and extended the possibility to produce the geometrical, material distribution, and fixed neutron source data to the deterministic transport codes TWODANT, THREEDANT, and PARTISN, and in the case of X-Y-Z mesh grids, a geometrical input to the MCNP Monte Carlo transport code, starting from the same input to BOT3P.BOT3P Version 4.0 extends the modeling capabilities of previous BOT3P versions, reduces CPU times, and facilitates the debugging of the computer code input. Version 4.0 also produces the geometrical entries for the sensitivity code SUSD3D, for both Cartesian and cylindrical geometries, and stores the fine-mesh arrays and the material zone map in a binary file, the contents of which can be visualized by the graphics modules of BOT3P. This new feature makes interfacing to any deterministic and Monte Carlo transport code easy and might open new promising application fields to this package.BOT3P was developed on a DIGITAL UNIX ALPHA 500/333 workstation and successfully used in some complex neutron shielding and criticality benchmarks. It was also tested on Red Hat Linux 7.1 and is designed to run on most UNIX platforms. All BOT3P versions are publicly available from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank.
