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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
N. I. Kolev
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 108 | Number 1 | May 1991 | Pages 74-87
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE91-A23808
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Partial derivative derivation of isothermal multicomponent mixtures needed for the development of universal models of multiphase multicomponent flows is presented. The equations of state and the derivative approximations as functions of temperature and pressure for the elementary mixture constituents are assumed to be known. Two kinds of multicomponent mixtures are investigated: gas mixtures and mixtures of liquid and microscopic solid particles of different chemical substances homogeneously mixed within the liquid. In addition, one component liquid-gas and a solid-liquid equilibrium mixture is considered.