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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Deep Space: The new frontier of radiation controls
In commercial nuclear power, there has always been a deliberate tension between the regulator and the utility owner. The regulator fundamentally exists to protect the worker, and the utility, to make a profit. It is a win-win balance.
From the U.S. nuclear industry has emerged a brilliantly successful occupational nuclear safety record—largely the result of an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) process that has driven exposure rates down to what only a decade ago would have been considered unthinkable. In the U.S. nuclear industry, the system has accomplished an excellent, nearly seamless process that succeeds to the benefit of both employee and utility owner.
S. Yamashita
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 54 | Number 4 | August 1974 | Pages 432-444
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE74-A23437
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Accurate kinetics equations, which can be applied to a square and to a two-step gas-separation cascade composed of stages with a large separation factor, are derived from the exact conservation of matter in the unsteady state. The derivation is based on the assumptions that flow rates and holdups are independent of time and that the second derivative of the assay with respect to time can be neglected. If two or three additional assumptions, including the important one that the separation factor is nearly equal to unity, are added to those above, the author’s equations reduce to Cohen’s kinetics equations. If a square cascade with eight stages composed of separators having a separation factor of 1.1 is supposed to be operated in total reflux, the results of the calculations disclose that the assays and the 98% equilibrium times obtained from the conventional equations are overestimated by ∼12 and ∼10%, respectively, compared with those obtained from the author’s equations. The author’s kinetics equations promise to be useful for analyzing the kinetics of a square cascade with a large separation factor such as a centrifuge.