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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
R. T. Santoro, R. G. Alsmiller, Jr., K. C. Chandler
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 52 | Number 1 | September 1973 | Pages 124-129
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE73-A23295
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Calculated results are presented of the absorbed—dose rates and dose-equivalent rates as a function of depth in tissue when galactic cosmic-ray proton and alpha-particle spectra are isotropically incident on a spherical shell shield with a tissue sphere at its center. Aluminum shield thicknesses of 5 and 20 g cm-2 are considered. It is found that the dose rates from incident alpha particles are comparable to those from incident protons, and that for both protons and alpha particles there is a very appreciable contribution to the dose rates from nuclear-reaction products.