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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
M. M. Islam, H. -H. Knitter
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 50 | Number 2 | February 1973 | Pages 108-114
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE73-A23234
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The prompt fission neutron energy spectrum of 235 U was measured at an incident neutron energy of 0.40 MeV with two samples of different thickness. The data were corrected for flux attenuation in the sample material and for effects due to the energy change of the out-going fission neutrons by inelastic scattering and secondary fission processes. After applying these shape corrections, an average fission neutron energy of 2.06 ± 0.05 MeV was obtained using the Watt and the Maxwellian functions for the energy distribution of the fission neutrons. This result has been compared with the presently available results of other works.
