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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
M. L. Mallikarjuna, S. B. Appaji Gowda, S. Krishnaveni, R. Gowda, T. K. Umesh
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 140 | Number 1 | January 2002 | Pages 96-102
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE02-A2247
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The total attenuation cross sections of the elements copper, zirconium, silver, and tin have been measured experimentally in a narrow beam good geometry set up by employing a high-resolution hyperpure germanium detector in the energy range 5 to 85 keV. The data have been used to derive the K-shell photoeffect cross sections at the K-edge, the oscillator strength gK, and the K-jump ratio of the elements copper, zirconium, silver, and tin. The photoeffect cross sections at the K-edge and the oscillator strengths of the element have been calculated by making use of a method that eliminates the requirement of subtracting the theoretical scattering contribution. The best-fit coefficients for the cross sections and the relations so obtained for the jump ratios and oscillator strengths facilitate a speedier E- and Z-wise interpolation of the data on total attenuation cross sections as well as JK and K-shell photo effect cross sections at the K-edge, respectively, in the range 5 to 85 keV, for elements in the atomic number range 25 to 55.