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Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
Weston M. Stacey, Jr.
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 47 | Number 4 | April 1972 | Pages 449-469
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE72-A22436
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper consists of a consistent codification and generalization of previous formalisms and of extensions that result in new approximation methods. The discussion is restricted to the multigroup neutron diffusion equations. The development of variational principles that admit discontinuous trial functions which need satisfy neither the final and initial conditions nor the external boundary conditions of the physical problem is reviewed and generalized. Consistent single-channel and multichannel spatial synthesis and spectral synthesis formalisms are developed. The difficulty with over determined interface conditions which has arisen in previous work is traced to a failure to properly apply continuity requirements at these interfaces so as to relate variations in the adjoint trial functions on opposite sides of the interface. A generalized nodal formalism is developed as an extension of the variational synthesis method. The use of a particular type of piecewise cubic polynomial to modulate expansion functions is introduced as a means to obtain overlapping multichannel synthesis and generalized nodal approximations which do not require the evaluation of troublesome surface integrals. A brief review of the experience to date with variational synthesis methods for the multigroup neutron diffusion equations is given.