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2024 ANS Winter Conference and Expo
November 17–21, 2024
Orlando, FL|Renaissance Orlando at SeaWorld
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New laws offer nuclear industry incentives for existing power plant uprates
This year, the U.S. nuclear industry received a much-needed economic boost that could help preserve operating nuclear power plants and incentivize upgrades that extend their lifespan and power output.
Signed into law in 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act offers production tax credits (PTCs) for existing nuclear power plants and either PTCs or investment tax credits (ITCs) for new carbon-free generation. These credits could make power uprates—increasing the maximum power level at which a commercial plant may operate—a much more appealing option for utilities.
E. Creutz
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 20 | Number 1 | September 1964 | Pages 28-44
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE64-A19272
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The flow rates of gases at room temperature through various porous materials have been measured for large ranges of average pressure and pressure difference across the samples such that PΔP for a given sample varies by factors as large as 106. These rates are proportional to (PΔP)γ where γ decreases from 1 to 0.5 as the flow increases and 7 for a given medium is a function of an effective Reynolds number only, independent of the gas used. All the data, including those for transition flow, may be expressed by the following equation: where F is an average flow rate of gas passing through the medium measured in units of cm3/sec at 1 atm pressure, the coefficients c1 and c2 depend only on the properties of the porous medium and can be determined from experiments at low rates of laminar flow and high rates of fully turbulent flow, respectively, the coefficient α is given by ln 2, where ρ1 is the gas density at 1 atm pressure and room temperature, and η is the viscosity. Making the transformation and changing to the exponential base 2, the general equation becomes This dimensionless equation egresses experimental data for a variety of gases and porous media as examined in this study over a range of about 1011 for the variable x and about 2 × 109 for the variable y. It also egresses some data of others on flow through various porous metals and through beds of granular solids. Mean hydraulic radii of pores, effective numbers of pores, friction factors, and surface-roughness factors for the samples investigated are given.