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2026 Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
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Mike Kramer: Navigating power deals in the new data economy
Mike Kramer has a background in finance, not engineering, but a combined 20 years at Exelon and Constellation and a key role in the deals that have Meta and Microsoft buying power from Constellation’s Clinton and Crane sites have made him something of a nuclear expert.
Kramer spoke with Nuclear News staff writer Susan Gallier in late August, just after a visit to Clinton in central Illinois to celebrate a power purchase agreement (PPA) with Meta that closed in June. As Constellation’s vice president for data economy strategy, Kramer was part of the deal-making—not just the celebration.
Gary M. Sandquist
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 37 | Number 3 | September 1969 | Pages 443-450
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE69-A19118
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A method for determining stabilizing control functions for any first-order controllable system is presented. Examples of stabilizing feedback control are examined and corroborated for stability using the second method of Liapunov. Consideration of a general class of arbitrary degree stabilizing feedback-control functions reveals that linear feedback control produces the greatest damping. Examination of signal error and time delay in the control function shows that highly damping control can result in system oscillation. Finally the method is extended to systems of higher order and a stabilizing control function is found for the reactor-kinetic equations even with unmonitored delayed neutrons if the linear feedback-control gain is > β/l.