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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Zhao Xuan, Zeng Fan-An
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 89 | Number 4 | April 1985 | Pages 351-361
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE85-A18626
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Using the single-channel resonating group method, in which a central nucleon-nucleon potential containing a soft repulsive core (SRC) is adopted, the (d + d) scattering phase shifts, differential scattering cross sections, and total reaction cross sections at a series of energies <20 MeV with and without imaginary potentials are calculated. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is quite good. The main conclusions are: The (d + d) nonlocal kernel function KS (R, R') deduced is correct; hence, the discrepancy between the kernels in other similar work is clarified. The SRC causes a decrease in the total strength of the (d − d) direct potential VNs(R) and, in particular, the strength of VNs for short range and small channel spin s decreases much more. The SRC causes a decrease in the phase shifts δls(E) (toward the negative direction); the decrease is especially large when E is at or near a resonating energy. The SRC reduces the total reaction cross sections σR appreciably and causes a distinct increase in the differential scattering cross sections dσ/dΩ(θ) at the forward and backward angles; however, it does not greatly influence the differential cross sections at other angles.